Class
| • | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | [X] |
| | 1 | Name: | Professor Vladimir I. Arnold | | | Institution: | Steklov Institute of Mathematics & Academy of Sciences, Russia & CEREMADE, University of Paris, Dauphine, France | | | Year Elected: | 1990 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 104. Mathematics | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1937 | | | Death Date: | June 3, 2010 | | | | | | |
Vladimir Arnold was born in 1937 in Odessa (then U.S.S.R, presently Ukraine). One of the most distinguished mathematicians in the world, he was educated at Moscow State University and became famous at age 19 for his brilliant solution to Hilbert's 13th problem. In this solution, Dr. Arnold was able to prove that each continuous function of three variables is representable as a super position of continuous functions of two variables -- the exact opposite of what people expected. Dr. Arnold is also one of the founders of KAM theory. In this theory, if one perturbs a completely integratable Hamiltonian system the resulting system still possesses infinitely many invariant tori. The theory has many applications in celestial mechanics and plasma physics, among other fields. In his examination of infinite dimensional Hamiltonian systems, Dr. Arnold studied the Euler equations of ideal gas flow as equations of geodesics on an infinite dimensional lie group of smooth volume preserving transformation. He has conducted path-breaking work on singularity theory and its use in caustics and wave fronts, discovering connections with regular polyhedra and crystallographic symmetry groups - fundamental work connecting real algebraic topology and modern topology and in symplectic and variational problems. The author of a number of outstanding textbooks, Dr. Arnold held professorial positions at Moscow State University for twenty-five years. At present he teaches at Steklove Mathematical Institute in Moscow and the Universite Paris 9. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, the French Academy of Science and the Royal Society of London, among others. He is the recipient of many awards, including the 1982 Crafoord Prize of the Swedish Academy, the 2001 Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics, the 2001 Wolf Prize in Mathematics, the 2007 State Prize of the Russian Federation and the 2008 Shaw Prize in Mathematical Sciences. | |
| 2 | Name: | Dr. David Blackwell | | | Institution: | University of California, Berkeley | | | Year Elected: | 1990 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 104. Mathematics | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1919 | | | Death Date: | July 8, 2010 | | | | | | |
David Blackwell was professor of statistics and mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley from 1954 until his retirement in 1989, when he was named Professor Emeritus of Statistics. He also held positions at Southern University, Clark College and Howard University and worked for the RAND Corporation between 1948 and 1950, where he developed an interest in game theory. His research contributions combine great breadth with deep creativity, and in several areas his work set the course for subsequent research. He was one of the first major contributors in the field of sequential analysis, a subject that is of wide practical interest, and his analysis of Bayesian sequential procedures had a major impact on further developments in this field. His work on the theory of dynamic programming was central to the development of this immensely practical and widely applicable field. Dr. Blackwell has served as president of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics and has also been vice president of the American Statistical Association, the International Statistical Institute and the American Mathematical Society. In 1965 he became the first African American named to the National Academy of Sciences. Dr. Blackwell is the recipient of numerous honors, including the von Neumann Theory Prize, and is a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. He died on July 8, 2010, in Berkeley, at age 91. | |
| 3 | Name: | Sir David Cox | | | Institution: | Nuffield College, Oxford | | | Year Elected: | 1990 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 104. Mathematics | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1924 | | | Death Date: | January 18, 2022 | | | | | | |
A statistician of considerable distinction, Sir David Cox has been instrumental in the exploration and expansion of statistical methodology. The new methods and formations he has proposed include: discrimination between non-contagious families of distributions (1961); databased choice of transformations (1964); and introduction of the Cox model of survival analysis (1972). He received his Ph.D. from the University of Leeds in 1949 and has taught at the University of Cambridge (assistant lecturer, 1950-55) , Birkbeck College (reader in and professor of statistics, 1956-66) and the Imperial College of Science and Technology (professor of statistics, 1966-88, and head of the math department, 1970-74). Currently affiliated with the Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, where he is also an Honorary Fellow of Nuffield College, Sir David also served as Warden of the College from 1988-94. His academic awards include the Guy Medal in Silver and Guy Medal in Gold, both from the Royal Statistical Society; the Weldon Memorial Prize, University of Oxford; the Kettering Prize and Gold Medal for Cancer Research; the Max Planck Forschungspreise; the International Prize in Statistics (2016); and the BBVA Foundations Frontiers of Knowledge Award in the Basic Sciences (2017). | |
| 4 | Name: | Dr. Don L. Anderson | | | Institution: | California Institute of Technology | | | Year Elected: | 1990 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 105. Physical Earth Sciences | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1933 | | | Death Date: | December 2, 2014 | | | | | | |
Don L. Anderson was Eleanor and John R. McMillan Professor of Geophysics in the Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences at the California Institute of Technology at the time of his death at 81 on December 2, 2014. With an interest in the origin, evolution, structure and composition of Earth and other planets, Dr. Anderson integrated into his work seismological, solid state physics, geochemical and petrological data. He received his B.S. in Geology and Geophysics from Rochester Polytechnic Institute in 1955 and his Ph.D. in Geophysics and Mathematics from the California Institute of Technology in 1962. From 1955-58 Dr. Anderson worked for Chevron Oil Company, the Air Force Cambridge Research Center and the Arctic Institute of North America, and from 1967-89 he directed the Seismological Laboratory of the California Institute of Technology. Dr. Anderson received the Emil Wiechert Medal of the German Geophysical Society, the Arthur L. Day Gold Medal of the Geological Society of America, the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society, the Bowie Medal of the American Geophysical Union, the Crafoord Prize of the Royal Swedish Academy of Science and the National Medal of Science. He was a past president of the American Geophysical Union.
Dr. Anderson was elected to the American Academy of Arts & Sciences in 1972 and the National Academy of Sciences in 1982. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1990. | |
| 5 | Name: | Dr. Bertrand I. Halperin | | | Institution: | Harvard University | | | Year Elected: | 1990 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 106. Physics | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1941 | | | | | | |
Bertrand Halperin is a theoretical physicist of great distinction who has made fundamental contributions to almost every facet of present-day condensed matter physics. He received his Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley and is currently Hollis Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy at Harvard University. Dr. Halperin's research interests include many aspects of the theory of condensed matter systems and statistical physics. A major portion of his current research involves the theory of electron states and transport in small particles of a metal or semiconductor. Much of this work has been motivated by experiments carried out in various laboratories at Harvard. Dr. Halperin is Scientific Director of the Harvard Center for Imaging and Mesoscale Systems, which encourages interdisciplinary research and education in this area. Another major portion of Dr. Halperin's work concerns properties of two-dimensional electron systems at low temperatures in strong magnetic fields, or "quantum Hall systems". Experiments on these systems, since 1980, have revealed a succession of very surprising phenomena, which have required the introduction of a number of new theoretical methods for their explanation. Dr. Halperin has been involved in the development of several of these methods. A number of very puzzling experimental results still exist in this field, particularly in experiments involving bi-layer systems, which remain a challenge to theoretical understanding. Dr. Halperin's other current interests include superconductivity, transport in inhomogeneous systems, and nuclear magnetic resonance experiments in porous media. Previous research interests have included quantum antiferromagnets in one and two dimensions, low-temperature properties of glasses, melting and other phase transitions in two-dimensional systems, and the theory of dynamic phenomena near a phase transition. Before joining the Harvard faculty in 1969, Dr. Halperin worked as a member of the technical staff at Bell Laboratories and served as an NSF postdoctoral fellow at the University of Paris. Dr. Halperin is the recipient of the American Physical Society's 1982 Oliver E. Buckley Prize and its 2019 Medal for Exceptional Achievement. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. Bertrand Halperin was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1990. | |
| 6 | Name: | Dr. Joshua Jortner | | | Institution: | Tel Aviv University | | | Year Elected: | 1990 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1933 | | | | | | |
Joshua Jortner held the position of Heinemann Professor of Chemistry at Tel Aviv University from 1973-2003. He previously served as the Chair of the Chemistry Department, Deputy Rector, Acting Rector and Vice President of Tel-Aviv University (1965-72). He holds honorary doctorates from universities in Israel, France and Germany. Among his awards are the Wolf Prize in Chemistry (1998) and the EMET Prize in Exact Sciences (2008). He is a member of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities and a foreign member of 13 academies and learned societies in the USA, Europe and Asia. Dr. Jortner's scientific work in physical and theoretical chemistry, which focuses on the elucidation of the dynamics of energy acquisition, storage and disposal in complex systems from large molecules and clusters to biomolecules, is summarized in 725 scientific articles and 29 books. He contributed to shaping the scientific research and public service in Israel. He served as the President of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities (1986-95) and as the first Chairman of the Israel National Science Foundation (1986-95). He acted as science advisor to three Prime Ministers of Israel. On the international level Dr. Jortner served as the President of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (1998-2000). His current public service activities span issues of science and public policy and the maintenance of scientific enterprise. | |
| 7 | Name: | Dr. Jerome Karle | | | Institution: | Naval Research Laboratory | | | Year Elected: | 1990 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1918 | | | Death Date: | June 6, 2013 | | | | | | |
Jerome Karle was born in Brooklyn, New York, on June 18, 1918. He attended New York City schools and graduated from the City College of New York in 1937. He obtained an M.A. degree in biology in 1938 at Harvard University. After working at the New York State Health Department, he attended the University of Michigan and received M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in physical chemistry. Jerome Karle's research was concerned with diffraction theory and its application to the determination of atomic arrangements in various states of aggregation, gaseous, liquids, amorphous solids and fibers. This research resulted in new techniques for structure determination and a broad variety of applications. His work in crystal structure analysis was recognized by the 1985 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Karle had been associated in various ways with a number of groups and organizations that are concerned with social issues. Some examples have been membership in the Committee on Human Rights of the National Academy of Sciences and Advisor to ChildRight Worldwide. He was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1990. Jerome Karle died on June 6, 2013, at the age of 94 in Annandale, Virginia. | |
| 8 | Name: | Dr. Rudolph Arthur Marcus | | | Institution: | California Institute of Technology | | | Year Elected: | 1990 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 102. Chemistry and Chemical Biochemistry | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1923 | | | | | | |
One of the outstanding theoretical chemists of our time, Rudolph A. Marcus is Arthur Amos Noyes Professor of Chemistry at the California Institute of Technology, where he has taught since 1978. He earned his Ph.D. from McGill University in 1946 and later served on the faculties of the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn (1951-64) and the University of Illinois (1964-78). He has a record of superb contributions to many fields of chemistry, especially in unimolecular and electron-transfer reactions, semiclassical theory of collisions and of bound states, intramolecular dynamics, solvent dynamics, and chemical reaction coordinates. His Marcus Equation has proven to be a general and powerful treatment of reaction rates. Dr. Marcus is a member of the National Academy of Sciences (1970) and the American Academy of Arts & Sciences (1973). His many awards include the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1992), the Wolf Prize (1985) and the National Medal of Science (1989). | |
| 9 | Name: | Dr. Robert E. Tarjan | | | Institution: | Princeton University & InterTrust Technologies, Inc. | | | Year Elected: | 1990 | | | Class: | 1. Mathematical and Physical Sciences | | | Subdivision: | 107 | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1948 | | | | | | |
One of the most gifted computer scientists in the world today, Robert E. Tarjan is the James S. McDonnell Distinguished University Professor of Computer Science at Princeton University and a Senior Fellow at HP Labs. Having discovered several important graph algorithms, including Tarjan's off-line least common ancestors algorithim, Dr. Tarjan has been recognized with honors including the 1986 Turing Award, which he received jointly with John Hopcroft for "fundamental achievements in the design and analysis of algorithims and data structures." Among other awards he has also been given the Nevanlinna Prize in Information Science (1983) and the William O. Baker Medal (1984) and has been elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering. Dr. Tarjan earned his Ph.D. in 1972 from Stanford University, where he worked with Robert Floyd and Donald Knuth. Prior to joining the faculty at Princeton University in 1985, he worked at Cornell University (1972-74), the University of California, Berkeley (1973-75), Stanford University (1974-81) and New York University (1981-85) as well as for corporations such as AT&T Bell Laboratories and NEC. | |
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